Paediatric Endourology is that branch of Paediatricurology in which small internal endoscopes and instrumentation are used to see into the child’s urinary tract and perform surgery. With advancements in instrumentation, a number miniature endourology instruments have been developed which allow us to see and treat several conditions in very small babies. The type of Endourology treatment is decided depending upon the patient’s age and the disease severity.
Commonly done Paediatric Endourology procedures are-:
Cystoscopy allows the surgeon to investigate the bladder’s lining and the urethra. A hollow tube, also known as a cystoscope, is inserted into the urethra and slowly pushed up into the bladder. It is a multi-purpose serving method as it can help in diagnosis and treatment.
It is an obstructive anomaly in the genitourinary system of male infants. This anomaly occurs when the urethral valves have slit-like narrow openings that partially impedes the urine outflow. Refluxes may occur too, causing damage to other organs. The urologist inserts the endoscope instrument and observes the obstruction and remove the valve leaflets through a small incision.
Vesicoureteral reflux is that anomaly in which the ureter doesn’t grow long enough, and it enters the bladder abnormally. Therefore, there are chances that urine might reflux up back to the kidney. Deflux is a naturally occurring chemical in the human body which has the ability to breakdown on its own. This drug causes a permanent bulge and it, in turn, makes it harder for the urine to flow back up.
Aureteroceleis an anomaly that causes swelling at the end of the ureter as it enters the bladder. This may happen due to the weakness of the flap valves of the ureters. The main problem it causes is that it damages the kidney due to urine blockage. To cure this, a transurethral puncture can be done if the ureterocele wall is not too thick. A small incision is given using the cystoscope.
The inability to hold the bladder is commonly known as urge incontinence. The bladder might create too much pressure also known as Overactive bladder, that the child is has severe urge to urinate and may leak the urine in the process. Botox Injection is a powerful drug that causes temporary paralysis of the muscles. It decreases the muscular contractions of the bladder. It is given using the cystoscope and injected into the bladder muscle.